django getting started

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# install virtualenv (會安裝在全域環境下)
$ pip install virtualenv

# 建立一個 virtualenv, 建立完成後會在 quick_getting_started新增一個 env_QGS 的目錄
$ cd ~/ && mkdir quick_getting_started
$ virtualenv env_QGS

# 執行 Virtualenv, 執行完會再 termianl `$` 號前面出現 virtualenv 的名稱
$ source env_QGS/bin/activateds
(env_QGS) $

# 退出 virtualenv
(env_QGS) $ deactivate

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# 列出所有的 virtualenv. 所有的 virtualenv 集中管理(~/.virtualenvs/)
$ workon
djago-oscar-api-test
django-oscar-paypal
django-oscar_demo
django-sample-app
github_flask_oauth2
mysite
oauth2app
oscar
....

# 建立 virtualenv env_QGS, 建立完成後會自動幫你啟動(超棒der)
$ mkvirtualenv env_QGS
New python executable in env_QGS/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/cage/.virtualenvs/env_QGS/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/cage/.virtualenvs/env_QGS/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/cage/.virtualenvs/env_QGS/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/cage/.virtualenvs/env_QGS/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /Users/cage/.virtualenvs/env_QGS/bin/get_env_details
(env_QGS) $

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# 使用 mkvirtualenv env_QGS, 列出預設安裝 Python 函式庫
(env_QGS) $ pip list
pip (7.1.2)
setuptools (18.2)
wheel (0.24.0)

# 安裝 Django, 目前最新的版本為 1.8.5
(env_QGS) $ pip django
Collecting django
  Using cached Django-1.8.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: django
Successfully installed django-1.8.5

# 安裝完 Django 後, 會自帶 `django-admin.py` 方便我們進行 Django 專案的建立及其他對應功能
(env_QGS) $ django-admin.py help

Type 'django-admin.py help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand.

Available subcommands:

[django]
    check
    compilemessages
    createcachetable
    dbshell
    diffsettings
    dumpdata
    flush
    inspectdb
    loaddata
    makemessages
    makemigrations
    migrate
    runfcgi
    runserver
    shell
    showmigrations
    sql
    sqlall
    sqlclear
    sqlcustom
    sqldropindexes
    sqlflush
    sqlindexes
    sqlmigrate
    sqlsequencereset
    squashmigrations
    startapp
    startproject
    syncdb
    test
    testserver
    validate

# 建立第一個 Django 專案
(env_QGS) $ django-admin.py startproject my_site

# 列出使用 startproject my_site 後的檔案架構
(env_QGS) $ tree
.
└── my_site                # django project root
    ├── manage.py
    └── my_site            # django app root
        ├── __init__.py
        ├── settings.py
        ├── urls.py
        └── wsgi.py

# 基本上使用 django-admon 建立完後就可以接直執行
(env_QGS) $ python mysite/manage.py runserver

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# 我們接著上節的進度 (~/tmp/quick_gettting_started)
(env_QGS) $ ls
my_site # 剛剛建立的 my_site 專案

# 使用 twosoops template
(env_QGS) $ django-admin.py startproject --template=https://github.com/twoscoops/django-twoscoops-project/archive/master.zip --extension=py,rst,html mysite2

# 比較一下 twoscoops 幫我作了什麼
$ tree
.
├── my_site                   # my_site django project root
│   ├── db.sqlite3
│   ├── manage.py
│   └── my_site               # my_site django app
│       ├── __init__.py
│       ├── settings.py
│       ├── urls.py
│       ├── wsgi.py
└── mysite2                   # mysite 2 repo level (如果有使用 git)
    ├── CONTRIBUTORS.txt
    ├── LICENSE.txt
    ├── README.rst
    ├── docs                  # django docs (sphinx)
    │   ├── Makefile
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── conf.py
    │   ├── deploy.rst
    │   ├── index.rst
    │   ├── install.rst
    │   └── make.bat
    ├── mysite2               # mysite2 django project root (同 my_site django project root level)
    │   ├── manage.py
    │   ├── mysite2           # mysite2 django app root (同 my_site django app root level)
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   ├── settings            # multiple settings root
    │   │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   │   ├── base.py
    │   │   │   ├── local.py
    │   │   │   ├── production.py
    │   │   │   └── test.py
    │   │   ├── urls.py
    │   │   └── wsgi.py
    │   ├── static
    │   │   ├── css
    │   │   ├── fonts
    │   │   └── js
    │   └── templates
    │       ├── 404.html
    │       ├── 500.html
    │       └── base.html
    ├── requirements          # multiple requirements root
    │   ├── base.txt
    │   ├── local.txt
    │   ├── production.txt
    │   └── test.txt
    └── requirements.txt

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# install package
(env_QGS) $ cd mysite2
(env_QGS) $ pip install -r requirements/local.txt

# database migrate
(env_QGS) $ python mysite2/manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, debug_toolbar, messages
  Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, sites, auth, sessions
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
  Creating tables...
    Running deferred SQL...
  Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
...

# 執行
(env_QGS) $ python mysite2/manage.py runserver --settings=mysite2.settings.local